Leviticus 2

The Grain Offering

1 “ ‘When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD, their offering is to be of the finest flour. They are to pour olive oil on it, put incense on it
2 and take it to Aaron’s sons the priests. The priest shall take a handful of the flour and oil, together with all the incense, and burn this as a memorial[a] portion on the altar, a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the LORD.
3 The rest of the grain offering belongs to Aaron and his sons; it is a most holy part of the food offerings presented to the LORD.
4 “ ‘If you bring a grain offering baked in an oven, it is to consist of the finest flour: either thick loaves made without yeast and with olive oil mixed in or thin loaves made without yeast and brushed with olive oil.
5 If your grain offering is prepared on a griddle, it is to be made of the finest flour mixed with oil, and without yeast.
6 Crumble it and pour oil on it; it is a grain offering.
7 If your grain offering is cooked in a pan, it is to be made of the finest flour and some olive oil.
8 Bring the grain offering made of these things to the LORD; present it to the priest, who shall take it to the altar.
9 He shall take out the memorial portion from the grain offering and burn it on the altar as a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the LORD.
10 The rest of the grain offering belongs to Aaron and his sons; it is a most holy part of the food offerings presented to the LORD.
11 “ ‘Every grain offering you bring to the LORD must be made without yeast, for you are not to burn any yeast or honey in a food offering presented to the LORD.
12 You may bring them to the LORD as an offering of the firstfruits, but they are not to be offered on the altar as a pleasing aroma.
13 Season all your grain offerings with salt. Do not leave the salt of the covenant of your God out of your grain offerings; add salt to all your offerings.
14 “ ‘If you bring a grain offering of firstfruits to the LORD, offer crushed heads of new grain roasted in the fire.
15 Put oil and incense on it; it is a grain offering.
16 The priest shall burn the memorial portion of the crushed grain and the oil, together with all the incense, as a food offering presented to the LORD.

Leviticus 2 Commentary

Chapter 2

The meat-offering of flour. (1-11) The offering of first-fruits. (12-16)

Verses 1-11 Meat-offerings may typify Christ, as presented to God for us, and as being the Bread of life to our souls; but they rather seem to denote our obligation to God for the blessings of providence, and those good works which are acceptable to God. The term "meat" was, and still is, properly given to any kind of provision, and the greater part of this offering was to be eaten for food, not burned. These meat-offerings are mentioned after the burnt-offerings: without an interest in the sacrifice of Christ, and devotedness of heart to God, such services cannot be accepted. Leaven is the emblem of pride, malice, and hypocrisy, and honey of sensual pleasure. The former are directly opposed to the graces of humility, love, and sincerity, which God approves; the latter takes men from the exercises of devotion, and the practice of good works. Christ, in his character and sacrifice, was wholly free from the things denoted by leaven; and his suffering life and agonizing death were the very opposites to worldly pleasure. His people are called to follow, and to be like him.

Verses 12-16 Salt is required in all the offerings. God hereby intimates to them that their sacrifices, in themselves, were unsavoury. All religious services must be seasoned with grace. Christianity is the salt of the earth. Directions are given about offering their first-fruits at harvest. If a man, with a thankful sense of God's goodness in giving him a plentiful crop, was disposed to present an offering to God, let him bring the first ripe and full ears. Whatever was brought to God must be the best in its kind, though it were but green ears of corn. Oil and frankincense must be put upon it. Wisdom and humility soften and sweeten the spirits and services of young people, and their green ears of corn shall be acceptable. God takes delight in the first ripe fruits of the Spirit, and the expressions of early piety and devotion. Holy love to God is the fire by which all our offerings must be made. The frankincense denotes the mediation and intercession of Christ, by which our services are accepted. Blessed be God that we have the substance, of which these observances were but shadows. There is that excellency in Christ, and in his work as Mediator, which no types and shadows can fully represent. And our dependence thereon must be so entire, that we must never lose sight of it in any thing we do, if we would be accepted of God.

Cross References 30

  • 1. S Exodus 29:41; Leviticus 6:14-18
  • 2. Exodus 29:2,40; Leviticus 5:11
  • 3. Numbers 15:4; Numbers 28:5
  • 4. S Exodus 29:2; Leviticus 7:12
  • 5. ver 2,15,16; Leviticus 24:7; Nehemiah 13:9; Isaiah 43:23
  • 6. Leviticus 5:11
  • 7. Leviticus 6:15; Isaiah 1:13; Isaiah 65:3; Isaiah 66:3
  • 8. ver 9,16; Leviticus 5:12; Leviticus 6:15; Leviticus 24:7; Numbers 5:26; Numbers 18:8; Psalms 16:5; Psalms 73:26; Isaiah 53:12; Acts 10:4
  • 9. ver 16
  • 10. S Leviticus 1:9
  • 11. ver 10; Leviticus 6:16; Leviticus 10:12,13
  • 12. S Exodus 30:36
  • 13. Leviticus 7:9; Leviticus 26:26
  • 14. Leviticus 7:12; Leviticus 8:26
  • 15. S Exodus 29:2
  • 16. Leviticus 6:21; Leviticus 7:9; Ezekiel 4:3
  • 17. Leviticus 7:9
  • 18. S ver 2
  • 19. S Genesis 8:21; Exodus 29:18; Leviticus 6:15
  • 20. ver 3
  • 21. Ezra 2:63
  • 22. S Exodus 23:18; Exodus 34:25; Leviticus 6:16
  • 23. S Exodus 34:22; Leviticus 7:13; Leviticus 23:10
  • 24. Mark 9:49
  • 25. Numbers 18:19; 2 Chronicles 13:5; Ezekiel 43:24
  • 26. S Exodus 34:22; Numbers 15:20; Deuteronomy 16:13; Deuteronomy 26:2; Ruth 3:2; Leviticus 23:10
  • 27. S ver 1
  • 28. S ver 2
  • 29. S ver 1
  • 30. Numbers 4:16; Jeremiah 14:12

Footnotes 1

  • [a]. Or "representative" ; also in verses 9 and 16

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO LEVITICUS 2

This chapter contains the law of the meat offering, and gives an account of what it was made of, fine flour, with oil poured, and frankincense put upon it, Le 2:1 what was done with it; part of it burnt upon the altar, and the rest was the property of the priests, Le 2:2,3,8-10 how it was to be when baked in an oven, or in a pan, or fried in a frying pan, Le 2:4-7 what was prohibited in it, leaven and honey, Le 2:11 what was to be used in it, salt, Le 2:13 and what was to be the oblation and meat offering of the first fruits, and what to be done with it, Le 2:12,14-16.

Leviticus 2 Commentaries

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